RAF Bruggen - 1958/59 - A National Serviceman's Memories

I served my National Service as a clerk in the Royal Army Service Corps during the height of the Cold War and was sent to Germany at the end of April 1958 and posted to the 471 Ground Liaison Section at RAF Bruggen, located by the Netherlands border near the Dutch town of Roermond.
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Apart from the CO, a major designated the Ground Liaison Officer, the unit consisted of only four servicemen of corporal and below - two clerks and two drivers. There was an array of vehicles consisting of two Austin Champs (type of jeep), a motorbike, a Bedford lorry with field office trailer, and even a bicycle.  The unit also had its own stock of small arms, but no ammunition, held in the airfield's armoury.   Additionally, there was a Belgian Army liaison section attached comprising a lieutenant and two servicemen

The unit was self contained but assistance was received from the RAF's administration section in respect of pay and leave movements, and from a couple of nearby army bases for vehicle servicing and supplies. Neither HQ Rhine Army nor the RAF took any interest in its 'domestic' affairs.  Discipline was at an absolute minimum with no parades, inspections, or menial tasks to contend with.  All my equipment, except clothing, was stored away soon after I arrived and was not touched again until the time of demob.

Bruggen had been open about six years at the time of my arrival.   The well appointed accommodation blocks and its catering were far better than anything previously experienced with the army.   Night duty suppers for example were invariably steak sandwiches made with freshly baked bread.  

We worked in the Wing Operations Centre with RAF intelligence and mixed freely with air force personnel of all ranks, a few of whom had served during World War 2.  Our principle task of army/air liaison involved the briefing and debriefing of aircrews whenever they flew operations in support of ground forces. We were rarely overworked and it wasn't often we were called upon for night duties   I was even sent on a 'RAF' course to learn how to operate and service a 16mm cine projector so that I could be called upon to show training films to aircrew whenever bad weather stopped flying.    
 
There was another army presence on the base that fortunately had no connection with us. It was a substantial unit of the Royal Signals, that functioned with the usual 'army agenda', overseen by a CSM (Company Sergeant Major).  Accommodated with them were a couple of personnel of the Royal Engineers who staffed the base's British Forces post office.

Three squadrons were based at Bruggen. Two were equipped with Canberra bombers, 213 with B6s and 80 with PR7s.   The third squadron, 87, was equipped with Javelin F1 fighters.   During my time 87 Sqdn. lost two Javelins, one close to the airfield and another over the Dutch Coast at Bergen Op Zoom.  There was a drama when a Canberra of 80 Sqdn. whilst on local training could not lower part of its undercarriage.    This incident was memorable because a detachment of army personnel from the Green Howards Regiment was on an 'educational visit' to the airfield, arranged by our CO, and one of it's members was on board the aircraft taking a joy ride   The aircraft circled for a while using up fuel before making a successful emergency landing. Many people were out watching with cameras at the ready! 

There were frequent visits of aircraft from other NATO air forces ranging from a week's stay of a of Canadian CF100 squadron from Marval in France to a quick stop by the USAF's Skyblazers Aerobatic Team with their Super Sabres (F100s).   But the most regular arrivals were a pair of RF84Fs of the Danish Air Force from Karup.  They were referred to as 'liquor runs' by Air Traffic staff, because the aircrafts' cameras had been removed to allow space for the cases of NAAFI duty free spirits the crews had come to purchase from the Officers Mess.

Around the time of my arrival at Bruggen the Duke of Edinburgh made a visit.  The Daily Mail reported the occasion as follows: 'The RAF sealed off one of it's top secret bases in Germany so that Prince Philip could have a close private look at some of Britain's A-bombers'.  The intimation being that nuclear armed aircraft were based at the airfield, but there were never any during my time, one had been flown in especially.   Further on the article continues: 'The base is sensitive where strong security precautions are always in force'.   That was not quite true either as security wasn't as tight in some areas as it should have been; there was a large German civilian workforce employed on the base which was a continual cause for concern.

A little old lady was employed to clean the offices in the Wing Operations Centre, she was lovely, spoke no English and was meticulous with her work. Suddenly we were told she was a possible security risk and could no longer be allowed to do the job and that we would all have to clean our own spaces - officers excepted of course.  Thankfully a few months later she was back having passed the vetting procedure.   

'Practice Alerts' were the unwanted surprises.   They invariably came in the middle of a night and required all personnel to report to their place of work immediately, whilst the aircraft would take off on pre-designated missions.   Several NATO exercises were held during my time but one in particular, code named 'Top Weight', involved a large amount of preparation and target plotting and required one of the drivers to take me to the Command Map Store in Bielefeld (about 150 miles) to collect many of the maps needed.  Whilst there our Champ developed a broken a half shaft, resulting in a unexpected overnight stay with a REME unit that would repair it.   I sent a message to the office and that evening our C.O. called the REME unit's orderly officer informing him the importance of me getting back with the maps.   Consequently, the following morning it was arranged for me to be driven back to Bruggen by a REME driver whilst my companion remained in Bielefeld until our Champ was fixed.

Soon after the exercise commenced however the referees declared Bruggen had been destroyed in a nuclear attack.  A salutary reminder of our 'raison d'etre'. I'm sure none of us ever seriously considered that possibility for real; our predominant thoughts were always that of making it through two wasted years with a minimum of fuss and bother.

Periodically we spent a day taking part in an Escape and Evasion exercise conducted by the RAF.   This involved running around the local countryside looking for 'Soviet Infiltrators'.   It was fun and at the end of the day we were taken by the officers for a beer at a local bar. 

We were extremely fortunate in having an easy going major for a CO.   He was from the Kings (Liverpool) Regiment and previously when with his battalion was possibly quite 'regimental'.   But the comfort of being in charge of a small autonomous unit within the relatively relaxed atmosphere of the RAF had mellowed him.    So long as we kept ourselves tidy, did what was expected, and caused no problems, he was happy to leave us to our own devices, At times he was remarkably paternal towards us and we were often called upon to spend an evening at his home to look after his young daughter when he and his wife went out.  Furthermore, he allowed us the occasional use of a Champ to visit Roermond when needing a decent haircut or for shopping.  When the major was absent we reported either to the Belgian lieutenant or the RAF Intelligence Officer..  During a reorganisation the base's administration had the idea of moving us and the Belgians out of the accommodation block in which we were billeted with Flying Wing air force personnel and into the one used exclusively by the Royal Signals.   We viewed with extreme horror the idea of the Royal Signals, with its CSM, having a degree of authority over us.  But as CO of a separate unit the major had no intention of allowing that to happen and using influence with his pals in the Officers' Mess quickly got the plan cancelled. The cosy familiarity that existed within the unit meant we tended to forget how important a major was until accompanying him on visits to army establishments and seeing everyone jump in his presence

We had to contend with two forms of currencies.  One being the 'British Armed Forces Service Vouchers', commonly referred to as Baffs. They were a series of currency notes ranging from 3d to £5 - pre-decimal age money - and were the only acceptable forms of payment for purchases on British bases. In addition the UK copper penny (1d) coin was used.   But Deutschmarks (DM) were needed for off base use.  So when collecting weekly pay we had to calculate needs of each for the coming days. During my time the exchange rate remained fixed at £1.0s.6d. (£1.2p) to 12DM.  Shortly before I was demobbed the Baffs were withdrawn and the DM then became the only currency needed.

The airfield had a Malcolm Club that was open all day, unlike the NAAFI, and also where officers, NCOs, other ranks, and accompanied wives, were allowed to visit and mix.  For entertainment there was the Astra cinema. There was an adequate library and UK newspapers arrived around lunchtime each day and could be read in the WVS lounge.  A television had been installed in the WVS lounge that was popular for sporting events and the English dialogue films that were frequently shown on Netherlands TV.  

Once, the NAAFI manager complained to the station adjutant about the amount of cutlery that was continually disappearing from the NAAFI canteen; the obvious place to go for anyone needing to replace a lost 'eating iron', i.e. a knife, fork, or spoon. In response the adjutant instructed the station police one lunchtime to check the cutlery of everybody entering the dining halls which resulted in a considerable amount of the missing items being recovered and temporary inconvenience to the culprits, one of whom being me!
 
Having a beer off the base involved nearly a 15 minute walk to the bar opposite the main gate, or a further 20 minutes to the bars in Elmpt, the nearest village.  Occasionally it was possible to get a lift to a popular hostellerie in Bracht, it was owned by three sisters and commonly referred to as the Six Tits.

Eating out in Germany and Holland was a delight.   The variety and quality of the food, the service received, and the decor of the establishments was vastly better than most places in the UK at that time.

For National Servicemen with girl friends back in the UK the arrival of mail was 'the' major event of every day and caused anguish when late or its non appearance. For some the fear of receiving a Dear John never far away.  A highlight each week for the homesick was listening to 'Two Way Family Favourites', a radio music request programme that was broadcast simultaneously from the UK and Germany at midday on Sundays. Some tunes were played so regularly on this and other Forces Radio programmes that even now when hearing any of them I'm reminded of those days. 

Almost all National Servicemen took their entitled leave at home, travelling free of charge on one of the scheduled military rail/sea services that operated three  times a week from across the BAOR area to the UK via the Hook of Holland.   The troop ships for the sea crossing were uncomfortable, and horrendous in bad weather!  The trains however were pleasurable with meals provided in the restaurant cars by catering staff of the Wagon-Lits Company and served 'silver service' - sheer luxury for mere squaddies.  The station at Dalheim was the closest to Bruggen for boarding the military train.  It was a sleepy border station situated on a little used line into Holland, but with several Army and other RAF establishments in close proximity it became a hive of activity for the short period around the time the trains passed through.
   
However those that did opt to take leave in Europe were entitled to claim a rail warrant for any itinerary within West Germany that could also include a segment of up to fifty miles into any bordering country, except those of the 'Communist Bloc'.

A benefit being located close to Holland and Belgium was that we could easily spend weekends in Amsterdam or Brussels, helped by much reduced train fares available to NATO military personnel.

Members of the armed forces stationed in Germany had ample opportunities to buy luxury goods such as cameras and watches at prices much lower than in the UK, but most items when taken home in those days were liable for UK Duty unless purchased at least 12 months previous.   Servicemen disembarking the military ships at the Port of Harwich were aware that its customs officers viewed everyone as a potential smuggler and therefore did not expect an easy time when facing them.

Cars were a lot cheaper, albeit left hand drive, but anybody who purchased one had to have owned it at least a year before importing it into the UK and then retain its ownership for a further two years to avoid paying retrospective excise duty. 
    
Unlike the vast majority of National Servicemen in BAOR, I never minded returning from leave. I was a corporal at the time of demob in December 1959 and was 'almost' sorry when it arrived (I had a combined 21st birthday and demob party and still remember how I suffered the following day).  My job had been interesting, I had learnt to drive, had flown in a Canberra, been able to visit many places, and had had made a lot of friends. I was even invited by the major and his wife to their house for a farewell drink. Life had been sweet. A fact reinforced during my demob journey to the UK when I met a few members from the RASC draft with whom I had traveled out to Germany nineteen months previous and heard of the aggravations they had had to contend with at their units.

Demob procedure for army National Servicemen was carried out at their units in Germany, this included handing in all equipment/kit and most of the uniform a day or two before leaving.   The few items retained were needed for wear on the demob journey to the UK.  So after getting off the train in London the morning following my afternoon departure from Bruggen I was able to go straight home, take off that last bit of uniform and immediately become a civilian.


FOOTNOTE.  I was initially conscripted into the Royal Fusiliers but was soon diagnosed with partial colour blindness and classified unfit for the infantry. So I was transferred to the R.A.S.C for clerical trade training.   Never in my wildest dreams during those grim first days of army life did I envisage the inconvenience of being unable to distinguish shades of green and red would herald such a fortuitous change to my service life.